Learn the basics of classic and skate skiing, equipment, techniques and safety tips for your snow adventure.
Cross-country skiing—also known as Nordic skiing—is a fun and accessible winter sport that combines physical activity with the beauty of the mountains. Unlike alpine skiing which is all about downhill, cross-country skiing is about gliding over flat, gentle hills and groomed trails using your own momentum. Suitable for all skill levels from cross-country skiing beginners to advanced cross-country skiers, this style of skiing is perfect for exploring winter landscapes, getting fit and enjoying snow-covered trails.
Types of Cross-Country Skiing
Classic Cross-Country Skiing
Skate Skiing
Inspired by ice skating, skate skiing requires quick strides and a side-to-side motion across groomed trails. It’s faster, more dynamic and better suited for experienced skiers or those with a higher fitness level. The technique uses skating techniques and a stronger aerobic activity demand, making it perfect for athletic stance and freedom of movement on snow—ideal for anyone looking to level up their next snow trip.
Essential Gear
1. Classic Cross-Country Skis
These cross-country skis are for classic technique, fit into tracks on groomed trails. They’re longer and help you stay in a straight line.
2. Skate Skis
Skate skis are shorter, stiffer and for skating cross-country skiing on hard-packed or groomed trails. They require more balance and energy and are loved by skate skiers.
3. Cross-Country Ski Boots
Cross-country ski boots vary in style. Classic boots are flexible for classic skiing and backcountry boots, and Nordic boots are for ungroomed trails and backcountry skiing. Avoid downhill ski boots which are not flexible enough for cross-country skiing.
4. Poles
Cross-country poles are essential for propulsion and stability. Classic poles should reach your armpits. Skate skiing poles should reach your chin or nose. Beginners can start with basic aluminium poles or adjustable poles like hiking poles.
What to Choose for Skiing
Whether you’re skiing easy trails or backcountry slopes, choose gear for your goals:
- Match your skis to the style of skiing (classic or skate)
- Consider the terrain: flat, hilly or steep
- Make sure your ski boots match your ski binding system (either manual bindings or automatic bindings)
- Check fit, flex and boot shaft height for comfort
If you’re unsure, most alpine skiing resorts and activity providers offer gear rental and cross-country skiing lessons for all levels.
Safety Tips for Beginners
Safety is a big part of skiing, especially when learning basic skiing skills:
- Check weather and trail maps, especially in avalanche terrain
- Dress in layers for aerobic activity
- Use pole tips with good grip for stability on snow
- Start on a Beginner trail or groomed tracks
- Take lessons from a certified ski instructor or avalanche education instructor
Get to Know Your Gear
Before you go out, get familiar with:
- How to use your ski binding system
- Proper fit of cross-country ski boots and poles
- What are cross-country poles and alpine ski poles
Walk around in your gear to build confidence and balance.
The Balanced Stance
The balanced ski stance is your foundation:
- Knees slightly bent, body upright
- Weight-centred and skis parallel
- Arms relaxed and ready for the basic poling motion
This stance is key to applying basic movements and good skiing form.
Skiing with Skis On
Master the basic technique by starting with the kick-and-glide motion used in classic cross-country skiing. For skate skiing, work on weight shifting and using your poles to push as you move from side to side.
Extra Tips for First-Time Skiers
- Take lessons for beginners or private lessons at a local mountain hotel or ski lodge
- Practice on easy trails before venturing onto backcountry trails
- Check trail conditions: Look up grooming reports and snow forecasts before you go.
- Stay on marked trails For safety and ease of navigation.
- Bring snacks and water: Cross-country skiing is hard work!
- Slather on sunscreen: The Sun reflects off snow even on cloudy days.
- Go slow: Your first day is about learning and fun—not miles or speed.
- Be adventure-positive and take breaks when you need to
How to Go Downhill
Descend safely with the snowplough technique:
- Point skis inward slightly and press heels outward
- Lean forward in a balanced stance
- Control speed with gentle pressure and pole drags
This technique is great for gentle hills and avoiding collisions with downhill skiers.
How to Go Uphill
Use the herringbone technique for steep hills:
- Form a “V” shape with your skis
- Quick strides and push-offs with poles
- Keep your skis parallel and centred
FAQ
What’s the difference between classic and skate skiing?
Classic. Skate. Follow me this: “Classic skiing follows parallel tracks with a kick-and-glide motion, great for flat terrain. Skate skiing mimics ice skating, with more speed and energy, ideal for experienced skiers on groomed trails.”
Is cross-country skiing easier than alpine skiing?
Yes. For many, the classic cross-country skiing style is easier to learn than downhill skiing, especially on flat trails and accessible tracks.
Can I use my alpine ski gear for cross-country skiing?
No. Alpine ski poles, downhill ski boots and skis are too heavy and inflexible. Use proper gear like Nordic boots and cross country skis and poles.
Do I need lessons to start cross-country skiing?
Taking a lesson from a ski instructor or joining cross country skiing lessons will help you learn the proper technique quickly and improve your confidence and safety.
Where can I find cross-country ski trails in Victoria?
Top spots are Lake Mountain, Falls Creek and Mount Stirling which have a wide array of tracks and trails for beginners with rental and instruction available.
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